History of Syria
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Historically, Syria included Jordan, Israel, Lebanon and the current territory of Syria. The country had advantageous strategic position and its coastal cities had been important Phoenician trade putlets. Subsequently, Syria was part of the Roman, Persian, Egyptian and Babylonian empires. As a result, Syria was part of the Ottoman Empire, along with Lebanon was transferred to France after the defeat of Turkey in the First World War. The Syrians have never been particularly tolerant of seizure (they even have been independent in 1918-20 years) in the 1925-26, they organized a revolt that led to the fact that France bombed Damascus.
There are many historical sites, so if you make a Syrian visa and visit the country, it will be satisfied.
In 1932, Syria received parliamentary elections, and although most candidates were pro-French, Syria refused to recognize the French version of the constitution. In 1939, France has granted Turkey the Syrian province Aleksandretta, which caused dissatisfaction of its policies from the local population. France has pledged to provide Syria's independence in 1941, but did not do so until 1946.
Civilized rule didn't existe in Syria a long time: in 1954, after several military upheavals, the party "Baat", established in 1940 a Christian leader, has established control over the country. The basic idea was to create a united of Arab States, where Syria has not been an independent country. Everything went to a New United Arab Republic together with Egypt in 1958, but many people did not support this idea, and throughout the country a wave of armed rebellions held. By 1966, the Party "Baat" again came to power, but celebrations were overshadowed by the start of the Six-Day War with Israel, and in 1970 there was an armed conflict with Jordan. As a result of all these armed clashes occurred in the coup and Defense Minister Hafez al-Assad seized power.
Since 1971, Assad held at the presidential office by force and deception, and he strengthens the position of Syria in the Middle East, concluding a peace treaties and establishing trade relations. In 1999 he was elected for the fifth time in seven years in office with the advantage of 99,9% of the vote. In the 1990's. fall in oil prices led to unite the countries of the Middle East, Assad took advantage of the Gulf War in early 1991 to improve the economic situation in the country. In time of war, Syria joined the anti-Iraq coalition, than it has made a good impression to the West, although still in the Washington list of countries supporting terrorism.
In 1997, Syria withdrew from the list of countries, through which the traffic in drugs passes, but Assad has strengthened ties with the EU, Turkey and the United States. The attempt to develop a multi-economy based on oil, through investments in the agricultural complex, were not entirely successful. In the beginning of 2000, the representatives of U.S. State Department discussed the issue, whether to remove Syria from the list of countries supporting terrorism, on the grounds that since 1986 there was no evidence of Syrian involvement in terrorist acts. Chaotic retreat of Israeli forces from East Lebanon in 2000 under fire Hezbollah, supported by the Syrians, delayed further discussion of loyalty to Syria. The death of President Assad it has called into question the peaceful resolution of conflicts in the Middle East. After Assad his son Bashar became president in June 2000.
